Cousin regularity delivery regarding (a) SBP change, (Gaussian fit Roentgen dos to have salt sensitive and painful = 0.74 and you will sodium resistant = 0.97) and you can (b) urinary Na + /K + , (Gaussian match Roentgen 2 having sodium delicate = 0.99 and sodium unwilling someone = 0.99) regarding the selection of salt sensitive (n = 71) and you may sodium unwilling (n = 119) individuals with alter of diet input out-of Weight loss Remedies for Stop Hypertension (DASH) large salt (HS) diet plan so you’re able to Dash reduced salt (LS) eating plan.
Participant demographics
Among investigation players reviewed, 53% regarding SR and 62% of the SS participants was indeed lady, 51% of SR and you may 63% from SS members was basically African-American (Dining table 1). The majority of users have been old 29–55 many years, college-experienced, and working full time. There are no high variations in baseline properties to own data people across ethnicity or sex in both the latest SS otherwise SR organizations (Desk 1).
Baseline SBP, assessed during the screening visit prior to dietary intervention was significantly higher in SS (137.6 ± 8.7 mmHg) vs. SR participants (132.5 ± 9.6 mmHg; p < 0.05, Table 2). In contrast there was no significant difference in 24 h urinary Na + excretion, 24 h urinary K + excretion and the urinary Na + :K + ratio between SS and SR participants at screening (Table 2). Further, there was no significant effect of sex or ethnicity on these variables, as such subsequent analyses were not adjusted for age or ethnicity. In SS, but not SR participants, each additional g/day in urinary Na + excretion across the range of <2 g/day to 5 g/day resulted in a higher SBP value of approximately 1.0 ± 0.4 mmHg in SBP/g Na + excretion (Fig. 2a). The measures >5 g/day Na+ were not included due to increased sample variability. When assessed by linear regression across the entire range of observed Na + excretion we observed no correlation between urinary Na + excretion and SBP in either SS (R 2 = 0.02) or SR (R 2 = 0.02) participants (Fig. 2b). In both SS and SR participants urinary K + excretion of <1 g/day elevated SBP by 3.9 and 4.8 mmHg respectively vs. SBP values obtained for urinary excretion of 1–1.99gK + /day (Fig. 3a) and the Cohen's D score for the difference in the SBP among the participants with less than 1 g/day versus 1-1.9 g/day of urinary K + excretion showed a medium effect size in both SS (0.45) and the SR (0.49) group. However, when assessed across the entire range of observed K + excretion we observed no correlation between K + excretion and SBP in either SS (R 2 = 0.001) or SR (R 2 = 0.008) participants (Fig. 3b). Further, we observed no association between the urinary Na + :K + ratio and SBP and no impact of urinary K + excretion across any dietary Na + excretion range on SBP in either SS (R 2 = 0.004) or SR (R 2 = 0.002) participants (Fig. 4a, b).
Perception off Dashboard eating plan towards the organization out-of urinary sodium to help you potassium excretion proportion with SBP
Within the sub group of SS participants randomly assigned to DASH-Sodium dietary intervention arm (N = 71) there was a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in SBP on the DASH-LS diet compared to the baseline screening SBP value (Table 3). In the sub group of SR participants randomly assigned to the DASH-Sodium intervention (N = 119) there were significant (p < 0.05) reductions in SBP on both the DASH-HS and DASH-LS diets compared to the baseline screening SBP value (Table 3). On the DASH-Sodium diet, following both the LS and HS interventions compared to screening there was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in urinary K + excretion and reduction in the urinary Na + :K + ratio (that was greater during the LS intervention), in both SS and SR participants (Table 3).