3.step 3. Risk Things
Compared with men with BMI? 25 kg/m 2 , the age-adjusted risk of osteoporosis was over four-fold higher in those with BMI < 25 (odds ratio (OR) 4.4 (1.51, ) in age-adjusted model (Table 3). The association between BMI and osteopenia was similar among overweight/obese and normal weight men, although not statistically significant (Table 3).
Both Bmi and you will pounds had been synchronised that have BMD, and you may BMC symptoms and the most effective Pearson’s correlation coefficients was indeed receive between weight and BMC as a whole hip and trochanter countries and the brand new weakest of them was basically between Body mass index and you may femoral neck BMC. Brand new correlations between ages and you can BMD and you can BMC indications was indeed negative (Dining table 4).
The age-adjusted ratio of BMD and you may BMC variation informed me from the Bmi and you will lbs try revealed when you look at the Table 5. Lbs tended to let you know higher differences New Orleans LA sugar babies in BMD and you may BMC delivery whatsoever the read skeletal web sites versus Bmi. This is mirrored from the steeper slope (?) of your respective linear regression contours. Top difference in BMD and you can BMC distribution appeared within trochanter BMC followed by lumbar BMC to have weight. Lbs is a vital predictor out of BMD and you may BMC variation during the more mature Iranian people.
4. Discussion
In this study, both BMI and weight were associated with BMD, and obesity significantly decreased the risk for osteoporosis in men. These results are consistent with most previous studies, particularly in postmenopausal women, which indicated that lower BMI and weight were associated with lower BMD. Prospective studies found that the early postmenopausal women who have low BMI lose more bones compared to those with higher BMI tertiles [4, 8]. In other cross-sectional studies, however, thinness is related to both osteoporosis and increased fracture risk [10, 11]. Iqbal et al. found that low BMI is a good indicator for referral of women less than 60 years old for measurements of BMD. Similar studies also reported a consistent finding that lower BMI was associated with lower BMD [5, 6, 28]. In a study similar to ours, those with lower BMI were at higher risk of low BMD . The Studies of National Osteoporosis Foundation and others suggested that low BMI should be included in the risk assessment tools for evaluation of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture risk [29–31]. We found that men with BMI < 25 had 4.4 (95% CI 1.5, 12.8) times higher age-adjusted risk of osteoporosis than men with BMI ? 25. In contrast, Steinschneider et al. in a cross-sectional study reported that the correlation between BMD at the femoral neck and BMI was highly positive among postmenopausal women. A hospital-based study conducted in elderly men reported that overweight and obese men were more likely to have osteoporosis and osteopenia . The possible explanation for the discrepancies between these results might be related to populations, research designs, sampling methods, and methodological differences.
The fresh mechanisms whereby fatty tissue exerts positive effects on the BMD updates commonly totally obvious. The putative procedure significance out of fatty tissue to possess skeletal stability most likely stays in this new character of several adipokines when you look at the bones renovations through effect on each other development and you will resorption. Has just, limbs has been believed a keen hormonal organ impacting lbs manage and you may glucose homoeostasis through the tips of bones-derived items such as osteocalcin and you may osteopontin [23, 34–36]. The newest putative crosstalk anywhere between lbs together with skeleton comprises a beneficial homoeostatic views system where adipokines and you may particles produced because of the osteoblasts and you can osteoclasts portray the link regarding a dynamic limbs-adipose axis [34–36]. Obesity is even associated with the BMD of the conversion process out-of androgen in order to the hormone estrogen , which enhances limbs bulk in both visitors [38, 39] and you can holds suit plasma quantities of insulin and you may managing items along with insulin-such as for example increases foundation-step 1, leptin, and adiponectin . On top of that, being obese will bring padding towards stylish in the event of a beneficial slide . However, brand new systems in which all of these events exists are uncertain.